To understand why Christians believe Jesus Christ is God, one must indeed approach the Bible with a discerning spirit, recognizing the Old and New Testaments as an indivisible, progressive revelation of God's redemptive plan.
The Old Testament, lays the foundational prophecies and divine attributes that are later ascribed to Jesus. Prophets spoke of a coming Messiah who would bear titles belonging only to God. For instance,
Isaiah 9:6 declares of the coming child: "
For to us a child is born, to us a son is given, and the government will be on his shoulders. And he will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace." Here, the Messiah is explicitly named "Mighty God," a direct reference to divinity.
Micah 5:2 speaks of the Messiah's ancient origins, foretelling his birth in Bethlehem yet stating his "
goings forth are from of old, from everlasting," implying a pre-existent nature. Furthermore,
Psalms often speak of God's eternal reign, and the New Testament letter to the Hebrews explicitly applies Psalm 45:6 to Jesus: "
But about the Son he says, 'Your throne, O God, will last for ever and ever; a scepter of justice will be the scepter of your kingdom.'" This directly names the Son as God.
The New Testament then unveils the fulfillment of these prophecies, with Jesus Himself making claims that only God could make, and His followers acknowledging His divine nature. John 1:1 famously declares, "
In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God," further stating in John 1:14 that
"
The Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us." This identifies Jesus (the Word incarnate) as God who took on human form.
Jesus unequivocally asserted His pre-existence and equality with God in John 8:58, telling the Pharisees, "
Very truly I tell you, before Abraham was born, I Am!"
This echoes God's self-identification to Moses in Exodus 3:14 ("I AM WHO I AM")—a profound claim to eternal, self-existent divinity. He also stated, "
I and the Father are one" (John 10:30), a statement that infuriated His Jewish hearers because they understood it as a claim to deity, leading them to attempt to stone Him.
Post-resurrection, Thomas bowed before Jesus, declaring, "
My Lord and my God!" (John 20:28), a confession Jesus accepted without rebuke. Paul further affirms this in Philippians 2:6, describing Jesus as "
being in very nature God, did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage," and
in Colossians 1:16-17, attributing creation itself to Jesus, stating "
all things have been created through him and for him."
Thus, through the seamless tapestry of Old Testament prophecy and New Testament fulfillment, Jesus' own words, and the testimony of His apostles, Christians consistently understand Jesus Christ not merely as a prophet or a good man, but as God incarnate.