Mereja.Forum

In the 1645 map of Abyssinia, by Jesuit priest Manuel de Almeida, names Mesqan and Silte do not exist. Nor Aymellel nor Kistane but Alamale. Gurage is presented far west of it.
Between Gurage in the west directly south of Gafat and Damot and Alamale in the east exists Betezamora, is now Mesqan. Directly south of Alamale is Sufgama, which is the present Silte.

Question: when did the names change occur? why?


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_de ... 7_Lobo.jpg

Thanks Horus, this has been very helpful.

Horus wrote: ↑

26 Oct 2024, 22:48

For a 1645 foreigner map maker it is fairly good. Sure enough there some errors in exact location of places. For example, he locates Machy (Meki) east of Zeway lake instead of west of Zeway.

The modern name SilTe may not be there but the map accurately locates Oge, Wej, the then capital of Eastern Gurage. The map locates Sufgamo, Bargamo, Gumar south of Zeway lake. That could be accurate. In 1645 much of Eastern Gurage could have included the land south of Zeway.

Alamale is accurate. We also call it Aimale (አይመሌ፣ አይመላ) አማሌሌ እንደ ሚባለው። There is a well known sound shift between 'al', 'an', & 'ai'. Hence, Alamale, Ai (a) male the current Aimale. አማ ፣ ሃይማ፣ ወይም አይማ ማለት ሕዝብ፣ ሕብረት ማለት ነው ። ላለ፣ ላሌ ፣ ሰሜኖች፣ ደገኞች ማለት ሲሆን ዛሬ ላለጌ ወይም ላሊጌ የምንለው ነው ።

መስቃን በመሰረቱ በሁሉም ነገር ከክስታኔ ጋር አንድ ናቸው ልክ እንደ ዶቢ ስለዚህ በዚያ ዘመን የአይመለል ሕዝብ የነበሩ ይመስለኛል። መስቃን የመስቀል ሕዝብ ማለት ነው። ክስታኔኛና መስቃንኛ ከሞላ ጎደል አንድ ቋንቋ እይሆኑ ነው ።

Damote - The Damote on this map is not the one we have in Gojam. The ancient Damote that was taken over by Amde Tsiyon was located in the present day ዎጮጫ መናገሻ ተራሮች የዛሬ ወንጪን ይዞ ያለው የተራራ ሰንሰለት፣ In 1330 ancient Damote & Gurage were in the same administrative structure. So, the top most mountain in Mengesha Wojoja is still called Damota. There are three places in Kistane Gurage called Damuta ዳሙቴ። በወላይታ ዳሞት ተራራ አለ። እነዚህ በሙሉ የጥንታዊ ዳሞት አካሎች ነበሩ ። So the location of Damote south Gafat is accurate. Damot means mountain land. የመጨረሻው የዳሞት ኪንግደም ንጉስ ሞተለሚ (ማቲ አለሜ) ይባል ነበር ። ዳሞት በጣም ሰፊ ግዛት እስከ አሩሲ ይደርስ ስለነበር ንጉሱ የአለም ንጉስ ይባል ነበር ። ማቴ አጼ ማለት ነው ።

ክስታኔ ሲተርት 'በገሞጂ ያርሱት በዳሞት ይገምሱት' ማለትም በቆላ ይታረሳል ፣ በደጋ በተራራ ላይ ይገመሳል እንላለን ። እሱም ማለት ገዢዎች የሚኖሩት ተራራ ስለነበር ገበሬው በቆላ አርሶ የሚበሉት ግ ን ተራራ ላይ ያሉት ገዚዎች ናቸው ማለት ነው ። ጋፋቶች በጋላ ተባረው ጎጃም ተራራ ላይ ሲወጡ የሰፈሩት ጎጃም ደጋ ዳሞት ነው። ዳሞት የሚለውን ቃል እዚያ የወሰዱት ጋፋቶች መሆን አለባቸው ።

Boza located north of Cambat -Kambata may not be part of Kambata because Boza is the traditional religious practice of Gurage and there places associated with Boza - the Thunder god like Boza Bar lake in Sebat bet. It was also called Beweza.

>>>>>>>>>>>>
አይ ሆረስ!
I guess I like this good stuff!
This is some what feels like lost identity awakening and completing a jigsaw puzzle. And they tell us we have historians who did not even say a word on things like this.
No body wrote a full account of the details of what happened to culture and people in Ethiopia specially central Ethiopia when barbaric invaders of different time attacked the region. The adal sultanate, shoa sultanate, galla invasion, invasion by axumites…Life in the region must have been miserable. Unfortunately what we are having may be what our ancestors suffered in the past. They say history repeats itself.
In any case, it would be interesting to put to test all the theories of origin of the Gurage people when all facts are organized. One day!
1. Indigenous origin theory from current location vs mix
2. The migration theory of axum empire

Some one has to do the job by collecting evidences, artifacts….and we don’t have to wait for another paid Paul Henz of TPLF to write another story about the origin of Gurage over a beer!

By the way”Boza” eas the clan god of ኢንቴዘራ clan in Inor. It is called ቦዠ!- here you go!
ቦዠ is god of lightening revered when thunder strikes during winter. There is a clan called እነቨኬ:: They used to say ስቫይ የቦዠ አፈር የእነቨኬ:: Means the sky is for Boza god, the land is for የእነቨኬ clan. This was a metaphor because the የእነቨኬ were land owner clan. They also had their own god. Any way these were before christianity and islam; we don’t have this any more as people become more enlightened, the pagan god system has vanished unlike the Oromo Waqaa. The ethnofascists are trying to bring these things back as if people lost anything useful. They bring these thing to devide and rule than keep the country united!
By the way these clan gods are also locally referred to waqaa. I am not sure whether waqa is of Oromo or Gurage origin!

Odie,
የቦዠ እና የኢንቴዘራ ክላን ታሪክ ድንቅ ነው። ስቫይ የቦዠ አፈር የነቨኬ በቀጥታ ነው የሚገባኝ! ሰማይ የቦዠ አፈር (ምድር) የነቨጌ ማለት ነው! ነቨጌ ነመጌ ፣ነበጌ ወይም ነመጌ የሚሉትን የድምጽ ሺፍቶች ስለሚያሳይ ያ ጎሳ ስሙን ሲሰይም ምን ማለቱ እንደ ነበር ማወቅ ይቻላል።

ቦዠ ትክክል ነው የብራቅ አምላክ ነገር ። በክስታኔኛ ብራቅ መብረቅ ማለት ነው ። ብር ከዚህ ቀደም እንዳልነው ብርሃን ማለት ነው ፤ አለም ብሬ የምንለው ማለት ነው ። እናንተ ቦዠ ባር ወይም ቦዠበር የምትሉት ማለት ነው ። አቅ እዚህ ባለው ትርጉሙ የሚወጋ ቀስት ወይም አጅ የምንለው ነው ። ኧጅ ወጋ ማለት ነው። አጀት ወጊ ሲሆን ወትጀጅ መዋጋት ማለት ነው።

ስለዚህ ብራቅ ወጊ ብርሃን ማለት ነው ። የብራቅ አምላክ በጣም ይፈራ ነበር።

ቦዠ የመብረቅ ብርሃኑ ነው ። ኧዠ አየ ማለት ሲሆን ብዥታ የመንለው ቃል ነው ። በክስታኔኛ ዎዥ ማየት ማለት ነው። በኢኖርም ተመሳሳይ ሊሆን ይችላል።

በሁሉም ጥንታዊ የጉራጌ ሶሺያ እስትራክቸር፣ እምነትና ፍልስፍና ሁሉ ነገር የሚተላለፈው በዘር ነው ። እነሱ በገባቸው መሰረት ዛሬ የሰው ልጅ ባህሪ ወይም ቢሄቪየር በትምህርት ወይም በኦቭዘርቬሽን ሳይሆን በዘር ፣ በጂን ነው የሚተላለፈው ብለው ያምኑ ነበር ። ዛሬም ቢሆን ግፍ ፣ ጡር የሚባሉት መጥፎ ባህሪያት ከዘር ወደ ዘር ይተላለፋል ብለው ስለሚያምኑ ነው የፍርድና ዳኝነት ስርዓቱ በዚያ ላይ የተመሰረተው ።

ይህን የምነግርህ ለምን መሰለህ? በጥንት ጉራጌ ለያንዳንዱ ማህበራዊ ስራዎች ፣ ክህሎቶች፣ ተግባሮችና ሚናዎች የየራሱ ጎሳ አላቸው ። የቦዠ ጎሳ የቄሶች ጎሳ ማለት ነው። የአመቱን ትንቢት በመስቀል ላይ ይተነብያሉ። የዳኛ ጎሳ ነበር ስራው ፍርድ መስጠት ብቻ የሆነ ። እያንዳንዱ የጥበብ አይነት መድሃኒተኛ፣ ፋቂ፣ ቀጥቃጭ፣ ሸማኔ፣ ፉጋ፣ አንጥረኛ ሁሉም የራሱ ጎሳ ነበራቸው። ጥበባቸው በዘር ይተላለፋል ስለሚባል ከልጅ ልጅ ይዋረድ ነበር ። ይህም ስለሆነ እያንዳንዱ ጎሳ የራሱ አምላክ የነበረው ይመስለኛ ።

ይህ ባህል በመላ ቅርብ ምስራቅ የነበረ ከጥንት ግብጽ ጀምሮ የመጣ ነው ።

ኢንቴዘራ ኢንቴ ዘር ማለት ስለሆነ ኢንቴ ወይም ኢንተ ምን ማለት እንደ ሆነ ብናውቅ ጥሩ ነበር።

ዋቃ የሚለው ቃል በፍጹም በክስታኔኛ ውስጥ የለም። ዋጋ ማለት በቤት ችባን (ኧችባ) አናት ላይ ክብ ሆነው የተሰገሰጉት ጣራውን እንደ የእጅ ጣቶች ወደ ላይ የሚደግፉት ባላዎችን ነው እኛ ዋጋ የምንለው ። ቤት ችባን አለው ፣ የችባኑ ጉነን ወይም አናት ዋጋ ይባላል። ዋቃ የሚባል ቃል የለንም።

በደቡቡ ክፍል በሰፊው የታወቀ መገኖ ፣ ወይም መገን የሚባል ነገር አለ ፣ እስከ ሲዳማ ድረስ። እንደ አማልክት ሲመለክ አላውቅም ፣ ግን ሰዎች መገን ካሉ በሕግ አምላክ እንደ ማለት ነው ። የሰው ስም ሆኖም መገኔ ፣ መገንቱ ፣ መገኖ እያልን እንጠራበታለን።

መገን ፣ ማጋ ወይም አጋ ከምንለው ቃል አንድ ነው ። አጋ የሁሉም ታላቅ ለሆነ አያት ወይም ቅድማያት የምሰጠው የክብር ስም ነው ። የአያቶች ሁሉ ሽማግሌው አጋ እንለዋለን። እንደ አምልካ ግን አይመለክም ።

ውቃቢ (ዋቃአቢ) የአባቶች መንፈስ ማለት ነው ። የአማልክት ስም ሳይሆን የመንፈስ የእስፒሪት ስም ነው። የአባቴ ውቃቢ፣ የእናቴ ውቃቢ እንላለን! በተረፈ ዋቃ ተብሎ እንደ አምላክ የሚታሰብ ጽንሰ ነገር የለንም።

Thanks Horus for the detailed explanation.

About the “waqaa”

In inor or 7 bet the pagan dieties of old time like ቦዠ are collectively called ዋቅ. The person who serves or serves as their messanger is called አዋቅ.

So the Oromo waqaa and the gurage ዋቅ or አዋቅ may be two different thing just rhyming without similar origin. Now I am convinced they are different things. They did not originate from same source.

Odie,
እኔም በጣም አመሰግንሃለሁ! በመጨረሻው ፖስትህ ላይ ለብዙ ዘመን ስረ ቃሉን አግኝቼው ማረጋገጫ ኤቪደንስ እየሰበሰብኩለት ያለን ቃል ነው መረጃ የሰጠሃኝ ።

በጣም ትክክል ነህ ፣ የጉራጌ ዋቅ እና የኦሮሞ ዋቃ አንድ ቃል አይደሉም ። አንድ ላይሆኑ የሚችሉት እነሱ ዋቃን ከእኛ የተዋሱት ካልሆነ ነው ። እነሱ ዋቃ ማለት ፈጣሪ ማለት ነው ይላሉ እንጂ የዋቃ ተዛማጅ ሌሎች ቃላት በኦሮምኛ ውስጥ ስለመኖሩና የዚህ ቃል ኢቲሞሎጂና ፊሎሎጂ በኦሮሞ የቋንቋ ሲስተም ውስጥ ስለመኖሩ ምን እንደ ሚሉ የማውቀው ነገር አይደለም። ስለዚህ ለግዜው አንድ አይደሉም የሚለውን መደምደሚያ ነው መያዝ የምንችለው ።

ዋቅ እና አዋቅ የሴም ቃላት መሆን ብቻ ሳይሆን አረብኛም ነው ። ቃሉ አቅ (እውነት) ከምንለው ስር ይነሳል። በግዕዝና አማርኛ አዋቂ ፣ እውቀት የምንለው ነው ። በጉራጌኛ ቋንቋዎች አቅ፣ አቀተኘ የምንለው ሲሆን እውነትም እውቀትም ማለት ነው። በክስታኔ እውቀት የሚል ሳይሆን አቀት ነው የምንለው። አዋቂ ሰው አቀተኘ ይባላል ።

በአረብኛ ሃቅ እውነት ፣ ፋክት ማለት ሲሆን አዋቂ አኪም፣ ሃኪም ይባላል። አኪም ወይም ሃኪም በአረብኛ ፣ በኢትዮፒክም ሃኪም ፊዚሻን ፣ የሜዲሲን ሊቅ ማለት ነው።

ስለዚህ ጉራጌ ዋቅና አዋቅ (አዋቂ) የሚለው በፍጹም ከሮሞኛ ጋር አይያያዝም ። ልክ ደበላ የሚባለው ቃልና የሰው ስም ኦሮሞኛ እንደ ሚመስለው ማለት ነው። ደበላ፣ ደበለ፣ ደገመ ፣ ጨመረ ፣ መድብል የሚለው ግዕዝን ነው ኦሮሞች ስለተዋሱት ሰው ሁሉ የኦሮሞ ቃል የሚመስለው።

በእኔ ግምት ዋቃ የሚለው የኦሮሞ አምላክ ስም ከሴም ቋንቋ የተዋሱት ነው ብዬ ነው የማምነው። ወደፊት ይረጋገጣል ።

የቦዠ ቄሶች አዋቆች አዋቂ የተባሉበት ምክንያት እንደ ምታውቀው ዋና ስራቸው በአገሩ ምን እንደ ሚሆን፣ ምን እንደ ሚከሰት መንገር፣ መተንበይ ፣ ፕሪዲክት ማድረግ፣ ቀድመው ማየት ነው ። ይህ ችሎታቸው በዘር ይተላለፍላቸዋል ተብሎ ይታመን ነበር።

እራሱ ቃሉ ቦዠ ከላይ እንዳልኩት ማየት፣ ማስተዋል፣ መመልከት ማለት ሲሆን ስረ ቃሉ በሴም፣ በሳንስክሪት (የህንድ ቅዱስ ቋንቋ)፣ በግዕዝና በላቲን ውስጥ ጭምር አለ። ለምሳሌ ወዥ (ማየት)፣ ቬዳ፣ ቪዥን ሁሉም አንድ ቃል ናቸው። እጅግ ታላቅ ቃል ነው ። በኢትዮጵያ አሳስተው ቡዳ የሚሉት የህንዱ ቬዳና ቡድሃ ያ ቃል ነው፤ አዋቂ፣ ዋይዝ፣ አስተዋይ ማለት ሲሆን እጅግ እጅግ ገናና ቃል ነው። ያንን ነው እኛ ቦዠ የምንለው።
ኬር!

በመጀመሪያው ፖስትህ ስለ ጉራጌ ታሪክና ቋንቋ መደረግ ስላለበት ተግባር ከዚህ ቀደም እንዳልኩት በሁሉም የጉራጌ ጎሳዎች ዘንድ የምርምር ኢንስቲቱዩት ተቋቁሞ እነዚያ ልዩ ልዩ ሊቃውንት ልክ አሁን እኔና አንተ የምናደርገውን አይነት የምርምር ትብብርና ቅንብር በማድረግ የጉራጌን እውነታ መዘገብ ነው ያለባቸው፣ ያለብን!!

Thanks a lot Horus for taking your precious time and enlightening me.
I was thinking the same but I wanted it to come from you.
አዋቅ የሚባሉት ስዎች ለጎሳው ስለወደፊቱ ሁሉ ሳይቀር ትንቢት ተናጋሪዎችና መካሪዎች አስታራቂዎች ወዘተ ስራ የሚስሩ ስለነበሩ አዋቂ==አዋቅ በሚለው ይፈታል::
ሌላው ደበላ ነው:: ልክ ነህ እኔም ደበላ ከኦሮሞ የተወረስ ቃል ይመስለኝ ነበር:: ግን በጉራጊኛ ትርጉም ይስጣል:: እኔ የማውቀው አንድ ጉራጌ ስው ነበር:: የባት ስሙ ደበልየ ነበር:: መጨመር መድበል በእኖርኛ ደፐረ ( ጨመረ) ጋር የሚሄድ ይመስላል!

ኦዴ፣
ይመስላል አይደለም! ነው እንጂ! እኛ በ የምንለው ብዙ ሰባት ቤቶች ፐ ነው የሚሉት ። ለምሳሌ በክስታኔኛ አንድ ነገር ጨምርልኝ (ደግመህ ስጠኝ) ለማለት ድበልሊ ነው የምንለው ። ደበላ የሚል ስም የሚሰጣቸው አባት ሌላ ወንድ ልጅ ሲያገኝ ወዘተ ነው። ደበለ ደፐረ ማለት ነው!!! ይገርማል!

Horus, I am from the Ye-Waqe seb(sub clan) of Chaha.
The King of Ye-Waqe Seb is I think the intermediary of Waq. He is also I think the head of the Mwayets, all ladies, who annually parade in prayers for good things to happen to Gurage.
I am not sure. My family has been a Muslim since many generations, never talked about it at home.

There are books to read to know more about Gurage culture and history: never too late:

1. W.A.Shack, "Gurage, the Enset Culture"
2. Gebreyesus; "Gurage and their culture"
3. Worku Nida, UCLA, cultural anthropoligist. Wrote articles and books on Gurage.
3. "Gods and Heroes" by W.A.Shack and Habtemariam Marqos.


Many, many books written in Amharic by Gurages since 1991.

የጠቀስካቸው መጻህፍቶች በሙሉ አንቤያቸዋለሁ ሁለቱ ቤቴ አሉኝ ። ወርቁ ንዳ ለኮሌጅ የጻፈው ቲሲስ አለኝ በጉራጌ ላይ ሳሆን በልጅ ኢያሱ ላይ። ሲጀምር የታሪክ ተማሪ ነበር አሁን ምን ላይ እስፔሻላይዝ እንደ ሚያደርግ አላውቅም ። የሻክ እና ሌሎች ብዙ የጉራጌ ታሪክና ድርሰቶች አሉኝ። ነገር ግን አሁን የሚያስፈልገው very deep, multi-disciplinary, cross-fields professional scientific research organized under an independent Gurage institute. Welkite University should lead this kind of project.

As for the conversion of Chaha into Islam, I have no knowledge at all. All I know is that there was a huge battle at ጀብዱ ሜዳ between Menelik's Christian army and followers of Hassan Injamo muslims. I don't even know where Jebdu meda is. I read about it when I was in high school. ሞኝ በጀብዱ ሜዳ ቀረ የሚባል ተረት ነበር ድሮ ፤ በጦርነቱ ብዙ ሙስሊሞች ስለሞቱ።

There are many Cave Churches in Sebat bet which are evidences of resistance against አህመድ ግራኝ። That means introduction of Islam into Sebat bet could be dated from 1530s. The Ameyah Christians of zeway Zequala region fought Gragn in 1525 at the battle of ባደቄ ወንዝ የዛሬው ሞጆ ወንዝ።

የቻሃ ዋቄ ቤቶች የቦዠ ጎሳ ነበሩ ማለት ነው። ነጋሲዎችና የቦዠ ቄሶች አንድ የነበሩ ይመስለኛል ። ለምሳሌ የኤርምያስ ጠቅል አያት አመልጋ ንጉስ ነበሩ ፤ እህቱ ነግራኛለች ግን የተኛው ጎሳ እንደ ሆኑ አልጠየኳትም ፣ በመልክ ቻሃ ይመስሉኛል። በጣም ቀያይ ናቸው።

እኔ አክስት ሙየት ነበረችኝ። በመስቀል ግዜ እየመጣች ልጃገረዶች ታስጨፍር ነበር ። በሶዶ አሁንም አሉ ። ባለፈው መስቀል ሁሉ አዳብና ሲያስጨፍሩ ነበር ። የኔ ቤተሰብ ለብዙ ብዙ ዘመን ኦርቶዶክሶች ስለሆኑ ስለ ቅድመ ክርስትና ወሬ አይነሳም ። የግራኝ ወረራ ግን ምን ግዜም የማይቀር ነገር ነበር። የዘርማንዘሮቼ አገር ምድረ ከብድ ነው፤ ከባድ ክርስቲያኖች ናቸው።

በእኔ ግምት የምሁር አክሊሏ ወርድወት አባት አዝማች ቃቄ እራሱ የዋቅ አዋቂ የነበረ ይመስለኛል ።

Me, too, I have no idea where Jebdu Meda is. The last battle front between Gurage and Menekick, Gobena Dache on his behalf, was fought at Areqit, near Areqit Lake, Gwemare, otherwise Anget Chaha.

There are stales all over Chaha, I heard were planted by Imam Ahmed El-Ggazi. For what, I dont know.
Islam should have been present before the invasion of Gurage by the Imam in the early 1600s but his success may have accelerated conversion to Islam..No stories of coercion I heard.

I thought Ermias, the economist, was from Sodo. If he is from Chaha, and from Yergus Den=Ye-Negus subclan, he must be from the large Mwagamane clan of Chaha. Mwagamane clan of Chaha is what makes Chaha, huge in population. Braukamper or some anthropoligist hypothesised they migrated from Hadiya. Could not be sure.

Ge. W.Sellasie Bereka was from the Hembat subclan of Mwagamane. The diffetent subclans of Mwagamane such as Yergus Den and Hembat have their own kings. The other subclans of Mwagamane are Yabechret and Jiger.

Uou may be right that the Yewaqe seb of chaha are extensions of the Bozhe Gosa that exist in other subgroups of 7bet Gurage such as Inor, Ezha, Gyeta, Gwamare. Major subclan in Gwamare is Ineqwamt.

Subclans of Mwgamane such as Yergus Den, Hembat, Abechret, Jiger do not intermarry, considered incest as within a family.

Yes, I too read those books, in part or in whole, out of interest and curosity only. I did not have to write papers on them.

Early this month, Chala Garuma, Gurage Zone Leader announced he will establish a Gurage Language Institute at Welkite University.
I guess the plan is to study Gurage dialects common characteristics and find a Standard Written Gurage language for all.

In the mean time, the Gurage Zone is working on getting UNESCO recognize Adabna as World Heritage.
https://www.gurage.gov.et/%e1%8b%a8%e1% ... %e1%88%98/

Welene and Kebena: their oral history of migration

By Worku Nida
Project proposed and funded by French Embassy in Addis.
Free read.
https://www.persee.fr/doc/ethio_0066-21 ... m_17_1_997

Old paper, read it may be 10 yrs ago.

What I know from a long time from (one of my brother's best friend was a Sebat bet guy & he might have been Chaha) was that Chaha became to dominant and war like and a united effort was organized against them. At that time a the Chaha guys fled to Hadiya and there they gathered Hadiya support and returned back their country to establish themselves. The details aside the core of this story seems to be right. In fact, inter-clan wars became of wide spread and weakening the whole of Gurage, that is when the Gogot unity was called through out Gurage የጎጎት ቃል ኪዳን የተደረገው !! በጉራጌ መሃል የርስ በርስ ጦርነት የቆመው በጎጎት መሃላ ሴራ ነው። So the Chaha people are not Cushitic Hadiya by origin. They fled to Hadiya became muslims came back with Hassan Injamo as their leader. I may be wrong. The Sebat bet subclan system is way too complex for me.

In the Adabina pictures below 3rd row 1st photo, you will see the ሙየት clan of Kistane. They are very dark skinned and look alike. That tells me that they a distinct clan of their own.

Let me break down constituent groups of Chaha:
Let's assume Gurage is a nation which is divided into Houses, clans and subclans.

The houses are:
Kistane/Dobi
Mesqan
Welene/Qokir-Gedebano
7bet

These houses have clans and sub clans
So Chaha is a clan of the 7bet Gurage.
In Chaha clan, the subclans are:
1. Mwagamane
2. Ye-Waqe Seb
3. Ye-Qotib Seb
4. Ye-Gebere Atim
5. Fuga, of course, terribly discriminated: forbidden to intermarry and own land.
All of them can intermarry with one another but not within each other.

Mwagamene subclan is divided into family branches that do not intermarry, considered a taboo as incest.
They are:
1. Hembat...Gen. W.Sellasie from
2. Yergus Den= Ye-Negus Hod in Amharic
3. Abechret
4. Jiger
5. Inequamt
Each of these have their traditional kings passed down to the eldest son

Hope its clearer.

Thanks, I got it! So how big is Chaha compared to the others like ኢኖር፣ አበሽጌ፣ ኧዣ፣ ጌይቶ፣ ምሁር ወዘተ?

የርጉስ ደን የንጉስ ዘር ማለት ነው። ሃብተ ጎርጊስ ዲነ ግዴ በሚለው ስም ውስጥ ያለው ዲነ ግዴ እንደ ዚያ ማለት ነው ። ደንቆሮች ዲነ ግዴ የኦሮሞ ቃል ብለው ይቀባጥራሉ ። ክስታኔ ደንገኘ እንደ ሚለው ነው።

ክስታኔም ክላኖች አሉት ለምሳሌ እኔ አረትጌ ነኝ ። ግን ከስሙ ባለፈ ዛሬ ላይ በውስጥ ክላን የሚታወቅ ሰው በፍጹም የለም ። ሽማግሌዎቹ ሰው ሲድሩ ወይም ሴት ልጅ ለጋብቻ ሲሰጡ ጎሳ ይቆጥሩ ይሆናል ። ይልቅስ በቦታ በአገር ስም ነው ሰው ራሱን የሚለየው ፤ ለምሳሌ የጢያ ሰው፣ የኬላ ሰው፣ አይመለል ፣ አጨበር ፣ ገሬኖ ። አማውቴ, ኑረና፣ ዳሙ፣ ወዘተ።

I will copy and save the Chaha social structure.

Horus wrote: ↑

28 Oct 2024, 02:09

Thanks, I got it! So how big is Chaha compared to the others like ኢኖር፣ አበሽጌ፣ ኧዣ፣ ጌይቶ፣ ምሁር ወዘተ?

የርጉስ ደን የንጉስ ዘር ማለት ነው። ሃብተ ጎርጊስ ዲነ ግዴ በሚለው ስም ውስጥ ያለው ዲነ ግዴ እንደ ዚያ ማለት ነው ። ደንቆሮች ዲነ ግዴ የኦሮሞ ቃል ብለው ይቀባጥራሉ ። ክስታኔ ደንገኘ እንደ ሚለው ነው።

ክስታኔም ክላኖች አሉት ለምሳሌ እኔ አረትጌ ነኝ ። ግን ከስሙ ባለፈ ዛሬ ላይ በውስጥ ክላን የሚታወቅ ሰው በፍጹም የለም ። ሽማግሌዎቹ ሰው ሲድሩ ወይም ሴት ልጅ ለጋብቻ ሲሰጡ ጎሳ ይቆጥሩ ይሆናል ። ይልቅስ በቦታ በአገር ስም ነው ሰው ራሱን የሚለየው ፤ ለምሳሌ የጢያ ሰው፣ የኬላ ሰው፣ አይመለል ፣ አጨበር ፣ ገሬኖ ። አማውቴ, ኑረና፣ ዳሙ፣ ወዘተ።

I will copy and save the Chaha social structure.

Inor is the largest followed by Chaha. Don't know who comes next Ezha or Abeshge or Mwahir.
Chaha had more schools with oldest schools in 7bet...Gurage. I went to school only 25 minute walk from home with pupils who came all the way from Ezha and Inor, may be 2 or 2.5 hours walk.

Gurage Roads Organization favored Chaha and the first road passed only thrugh Chaha to Hosana. More than one army generals being from Chaha like Gen.W.S. Bereka may have favored Chaha...

Chaha is more industrialized like Gubrye, seat of Welkite University, my home town, Indibr, previously a seat of Chaha Wereda, where my high school was, the only high school in 7bet in those daya, and Areqit is growing large too quickly, also a resort town due to the Areqit Lake.

I thought I posted it but no. I lost opinion I wrote on Mogamane migration to Chaha and Imams Omara Baqsa and Hassen Injamo.
If at all it happened, the Magamane migration from Hadiya was not recent in the 1800s or 1700s. It should have much earlier. Or not at all.
1. No oral stories, no folktales, nothing is said in Chaha folklore. The only thing I heard was the word Adiya, the same way I heard Amaya, Shewa, Jimma, etc.

2. 100% semitic language, no indicatation of a Hadiya residue in Chaha dialect.

I never heard, but not denying it, that Chaha rebelled against 7bet and had to seek a foreign assistance. Kambata closer to Chaha to seek support from. To get Hadiya support, it has to pass through Inor, one of its supposed enemies.

The Muslim Gurage resistance was primarily lead by Imam Omar Baqsa, who was either from Chaha or Abeshge or Ezha. I would put Imam Hassen Injamo in the second place.
Being from Gurage, Imam Omar Baqsa only could obtain the largest number of fighters that Imam Hassen Injamo from a 5-8000 minority Kebena would not raise.

Media and writers kind of underate him and avoid mentioning him since 1960s, just to show prejudice against Gurage. Otherwise, Imam Omar Baqsa was the primary dealbreaker out of the two.

They trounced Menelivk"s neftengyas in 4 battles between 1875 and 1878. One battle, Menelick himself participated, was thorougly routed. It was after 1878, he poured in spies, Catholic priests and Italian geigraphers. Probably it was after 1878 that he recruited Tufa Bune of Chebo as informants on Gurage fighters, their locations, etc. Rewarded him with royal marriage.

Gurage fought Menelick in 11 battles between 1875 to 1889. Menelick was 31 years old in 1875 when he declared war on Gurage and had a 13 year old only son Asfawesen from a Gurage woman whose name not revealed in the documents I read.

After the war in 1878, they had a disagreement. It's reported that Imam Omar Baqsa wanted to negotiate with Menelick and end the war. In the style of Abba Jiffar of Jimma. But Imam Hassen Injama wanted none of it. He wanted to continue to fight and he did. No reports that they separated as far as I know.

Some brutal opinions refer to Imam Omar Baqsa as a coward because he wanted to negotiate with Menelick. He was not a coward. None of it. He honestly felt it was better for his people. He would cite AbbaJiffar as an example.

Imam Hassen Injamo is buried in Mwahir. I saw a photo of his grave taken by some Kebena romanticist but dont know where Imam Omar Baqsa is buried. I remember faintly reading somewhere that he died of malaria.

Horus,
እኖር at least where I grew up, I can mention the following clans
1. እነበኬ/እነቨኬ: popular clan; honor names: ቀኛዝማች ግራዝማች አጋዝ ዳመስ ቡርደፐረ አይስሃር; warriors
subclans: አድብርዠራ and ኸተወድ
ዋቅ: ኢራዝ አዋቅ: ኢራዝ ዳም
2.አምባይ: አዋቅ የጥራዳም

3. እንቴዘራ: ዋቅ ቦዠ
የጌይታ/ጎማረ more or less ከቸሃ ጋር ተመሳሰለብኝ: ለምሳሌ ገቨሬያጥም ሞገመነ
I am surprised cheha had this many ዋቅ connection.
ዋቅ and ሞየት are now abandoned except the pagan PP is reviving them to destroy the country. Those practices are mostly abandoned in favor of modern religions christianity in particular and muslim to some extent in inor.
Basically from christianity perspective these are evil spirits worshiped. For example for ዋቅ they have annual ritual or worship called እንክብርር . The አዋቅ receives ዋቅ spirit and predict the future. The same for ሞየት. He rules on a large pool of girls and in the month of መስኸሮ/መስከረም when winter is transitioning he leads the girls with flower and other tree branches on the ጀፎረ singing and ሞየት jumping with drums etc. I guess that is a retual of dawn of spring and completion of winter.
That was abandoned during DERG i guess as ጎጂ ባህል:: Both ዋቅ and ሞየት were abandoned; am not sure if they are bringing them back to implement their ethnic divide and rule. I am not a tradional guy and i don’t like those pagan rituals. My family muslim christian mix now mostly protestant. I started as muslim by my parents became evolutionist/atheist in high school then encountered jesus and became protestant late in high school.

አዳብና vs ወያ ቡኖ vs ኖቀ
Generally a week or so before መስቀር youngsters used to marry followed by መስቀር celebration. Starting from መስቀር celebration the young boys and girls sing and dance in markets, then in the evening in ጨፋ(flat place; there may be water arround bs the land is plain; hence ጨፋ) and part of the evening in ሙሽሪት house. This gives opportunity for young to know one another. But marriages are arranged by family whether couples know or don’t ( now modern dating or seeing partner before marriage is the norm; no premarital sex). Having premarital sex and child is a taboo and not allowed. (Also girls have to pass puberty may be close to or above twenties before marriage. )I think this is አዳብና equivalent but no ሞየት here.
The other one is ወያ ቡኖ which i believe is more like አበባዮሽ ሆይ(like i mentioned earlier girls sing and walk on ጀፎረ with flower and some branches in hand). Here ሞየት involved. The last girls celebration is ኖቀ: very vivid mid season or summer singing and dance mostly girls in the market. I used to like the traditional youth holidays of ኖቀ and post meskal celebration. I used to get scared of ሞየት. He treated the girls like a property. Both ሞየት and ዋቅ should not come back. Inor is a mix of muslim and christian now. The story cheha being muslim i could not believe; i will google and see. They have catholics and protestants. Protestants are now every where in gurage region. And saying cheha was in hadiya is new to me. My father used to speak about war with hadiya and Oromo both of which were not seen favorably.
I used to like ዌግ and ደስ (kind of ballad) my mom used to tell. ደስ was told when some one was getting married. There are people who know the poems of ደስ and they would sing about the heros of the persons getting married. I really liked those when i was a kid. Parents, specially mothers used to sing it in such special way. There were special people who are expert in that like Amharic አዝማሪ!
There used to be በድራ mostly sung to enchant the አዋቅ spirit and done by some selected people. I did not like it. We used to have ዋሽንት made from ቀርከሃ::
When i was a student, there was a high school Dama mentioned in እንድብር. I was supposed to join that school but was far and I had to study high school in Addis and live there from that onwards. Cheha was near to addis and had more development opportunity than other 7bet regions. My father used to complain they took much of the opportunity. Now things have changed with high school in walking distance from where I grew up. There is electric city, telephone, all whether road and can drive from addis anytime.
I lovevmy country and thankfull of the opportunity it provided without any discrimination by ethnicity we saw during TPLF and now. If the past was called an Amhara government, Let amhara rule the country all the time. Peace was there, everybody had an opportunity to improve its living!
When I joined 9th grade public school, the room was full with no space to drop a thing; students were from Asmara/Akaleguzi/Tigray to south south west no body had grudges we all were friends; the only problem was የ አዲስ ዱርዬ and some anti derg groups. That country cared for all and provided what it can to all. The focus was a country but nothing else. I miss that!