Mereja.Forum

ኮሌጅ ንግድን ማሕበራዊ ስነ-ፍልጠትን ዓዲ-ቐይሕ፡ ሎሚ ኣብ ዘካየዶ መበል 16 ናይ መመረቕታ ስነ-ስርዓት፡ 43% ደቂኣንስትዮ ዝርከብኦም 738 ተመሃሮ (305 ብዲግሪ 433 ብዲብሎማ) ኣመሪቑ።

Adi-Keih College of Business & Sciences has conferred 1st Degrees & Diplomas to 738 Graduates in its 16th Commencement, today. Areas of study include: Business Management & Public Administration; Economics & Finance; Sociology & Anthropology; Law; History; Geography; English... @hawelti

Dr. Estifanos (Dr. Stif), my role model! So gentle & wise. Got his PhD in the USA, now serving his people. Shaping generations!

Rediet Kifle




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ሞያዊ ኣበርክቶ ኤርትራውያን፡ ኣብ'ዚ ፍላየር ዘሎ ኣርኮድ ብምእታው ተመዝጊብና፡ ተሳትፍቲ ናይ ሞያውያን ኤርትራውያን ንኹን።

Ezra Musa

Hail & heavy rains, in Asmara Mussie Photo Asmara






Local & organic, mangoes. 🥭 @GhideonMusa




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The Eritrean Crops and Livestock Corporation, harvests avocados. @MezmurBest




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The Green Belt: One of Eritrea's Protected Areas.

The timeless cedar trees and the beautiful horizons of Eritrean's green belt or "Semenawi Bahri", as it's known locally. A great destination for family vacation. : Wedi Damr

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Eritrea & Somalia Relations: Some facts!

-The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea written AD 40 & 70, mentions both countries as important trade places.

-The Bahre Negasi Kingdom of Eritrea, had influence & relations with the Cape of Spices/Guardafui (present day Somalia).

The Beja Kingdom of Jarin of Eritrea, that ended in the 13th Century, extended from the Port of Massawa-Barka river-Zayla (Somalia) & the Dahlak Islands as its major cities.


Italy occupied Eritrea in 1890 & obtained control of Somaila in 1889 & on 9 May 1936, Mussolini, proclaimed the formation of Italian East Africa; comprised of Eritrea, Ethiopia, & Somalia. Victor Emmanuel III, was named Emperor of this new Empire.

In the 1950s the fate of both Eritrea & Somalia was discussed at the UNGA and while Somalia was granted independence, Eritrea was federated with Ethiopia.

Ethiopia, claimed both countries!


In Dec 1960, ELF's Idris Mohammed Adem appealed to Somalian PM Dr. Abdul Rashid Ali Sharmarke to support the Eritrean cause in int'l forums, allowing Eritreans to broadcast from Somali radio & training Eritrean youth. Somalia, immediately, began issuing passports to Eritreans.



Led by Idris Mohammed Adem & Osman Saleh Sabbe, a Mogadishu-based Eritreo-Somalia Friendship Association (ESFA) emerged in 1961 to channel Somalia’s multifaceted assistance to the Eritrean struggle. Somalia was the first country, where Eritrean nationalists opened an office.

The People's Republic of China, was an early supporter of Eritrean independence. The ELF first established relations with China through Somalia, in 1966.


In Feb.1982, when Ethiopia was about to launch one of the biggest military operations in the world to quash the Armed Struggle, Somalia condemned ―the inhumane massacre unleashed by the Ethiopian colonial regime on the Eritrean masses struggling for their national independence. Somalia's then Foreign Affairs Minister Challe Abdurahan Jama Barre declared that the Ethiopian regime is backed by foreign forces; including Libya, Cuba and South Yemen in its acts of genocide against the people of Eritrea

In 1992, Eritrea offered to broker a peace initiative between Somali warring factions and to send peacekeeping troops there with international support. In June 1993, then OAU supported President Isaias's mediation efforts for peace negotiations between the Somali factions.

During Somalia's civil war, Eritrea hosted 2990 Somalis at Emkulu Refugee Camp. Eritrea provided protection to Somalis, in Eritrea. Many Eritreans lived in Somalia before 1991 and some lived there, during the Italian colonial period.


After TPLF led Ethiopia invaded Somalia in 2006, on May 3, 2007 the gov of Eritrea wrote to the UNSC:

The invasion unleashed against Somalia in the name of the “war on terror”, has aggravated the instability of our region & destruction on the Somali people.

On 27 April 2007, Eritrea notified IGAD of its decision to temporarily suspend its membership and freeze its activities; stating that

it’s not responsible to stay in that organization, when decisions are being made that are not legally or morally acceptable.

On Dec 23, 2009, the UNSC imposed an arms embargo on Eritrea & subsequently imposed financial & travel restrictions on its leaders for allegedly arming Islamist militants in Somalia. In 2017, the UN disclosed that it did not find conclusive evidence of Eritrean support.


On July 30, 2018 Eritrea & Somalia signed a historic Joint Declaration on Brotherly Relations & Comprehensive Cooperation & agreed to establish: diplomatic relations & exchange ambassadors, promote bilateral trade & investment, educational, cultural exchanges.


On Dec. 13 2018, the Eritrean President made his first historic visit to the Republic of Somalia. On July 28, then Somalia's president made his first historic visit to the State of Eritrea. @Erihistory

Happy Independence Day Burundi!

It was my pleasure to attend this evening the reception hosted by my brother H.E. Amb @willynyamitwe on the occasion of the 61st Independence Day of the Republic of Burundi. @BurundinAddis @NgogaFred

@biniamb

All our 8 riders finished safely stage 1 of Tour de France #TDF2023 @cyclingmedia_ag @IntermarcheCW


Bini finished in a respectable 77th place out of 176 starters, in a hilly stage. The Yates bros. from England took 1st & 2nd.

77 B. GIRMAY INTERMARCHÉ - CIRCUS - WANTY 04h 29' 52'' + 00h 07' 03''
https://www.letour.fr/en/rankings









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Sport Africa
Tour de France 2023: Smiling Girmay can be 'symbol' for Africa

https://www.bbc.com/sport/africa/66054020

30 June 2023


Biniam Girmay won the second stage of the Tour de Suisse in June

Eritrean Biniam Girmay can bring cycling to "every single country in Africa", according to his former coach Jean-Jacques Henry.

At the Giro d'Italia last year, the 23-year-old became the first black African to win a Grand Tour stage and in June he won the second stage of the Tour de Suisse.

International Cycling Union's (UCI) Jean-Jacques Henry was Girmay's first coach in Europe and believes more success awaits at the Tour de France which gets under way on 1 July in Bilbao.

The general classification, I don't think he can (win) but he has a chance to win a stage,

Henry told BBC World Service.

The Tour de France will be an even bigger event and he'll bring (a win) to every single country in Africa.

He is already very popular everywhere in Africa. All the people who love cycling will watch the tour and, if he wins, I think all Africans people will be proud.

Giro d'Italia to Tour de France

Girmay, racing for Team Intermarche, beat Dutchman Mathieu van der Poel in a sprint for the line to win stage 10 of the Giro d'Italia - the victory providing an iconic image.

The fact it was his debut year on the Grand Tour increased the magnitude of the achievement.

Indeed foreshadowing the moment, Girmay said that winning a tour stage would be one of cycling's "best moments". https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/cycling/61339763

I think he's opening a lot of people's eyes,

Maude le Roux, 26, told the BBC.

The South African along with Ethiopian, Selam Amha Gerefiel, is part of the UCI's World Cycling Centre (WCC) team in Aigle, Switzerland, where Girmay first rode in Europe.

There are cyclists in Africa that need help to come to Europe. Cycling is not just a European sport and, being a rider from Africa, it's hard to come into Europe.

Binyam is shedding some light on that. The teams are starting to look for riders in Africa, which is amazing.

Just the fact that he was on this team, obviously now we have a woman's team, but that he was in the centre - I think I speak for me and Selam saying that gives us hope for the future that we can make it and we're here for a reason.

Gerefiel, 26, added:

He's a teacher for us so, I'm looking to be better and work hard like him. For me, he is a model.

Biniam Girmay (centre) wins a stage of the Giro de Italia Girmay became the first black African to win a stage of the Grand Tour when he claimed victory at the Giro de Italia in 2022

Cycling's World Championships will be held in Africa for the first time in 2025 in Kigali, Rwanda.

Both the east African event in two years and Girmay's prominence, mark the rise of the sport on the continent.

Cycling is Eritrea's number one sport,

Henry continued.

They have the same potential as Kenyans, who are champions in athletics.

If you transfer this potential - endurance potential on the bicycle - they can be the best in the world.

So what of the man that Henry coached, who would go on to put Eritea and African cycling on the map.

Would he feel the weight of a continent on his shoulders?

When he was with us he was not stressed at all - quite shy - but the good thing is that he was happy with everybody. Just enjoying life - smiling all the time to everybody,

Henry said.

This is something very important for high level athletes, just to enjoy life and without any stress.

Many riders are stressed by the results, by not having the right performance at the right moment - not achieving the goals. But for him - he didn't have that kind of choice.

Pastries and cobblestones

Among the choices that Girmay did, have related to adapting to life in Europe and the new training regimes.

He was a junior in 2018 when he came here for the first time,

Henry said.

We had him in July, August and September, to prepare for the World Championship in Innsbruck. It was too cold for him. It was 4 July - it was warm - but it was too cold for him.

So it was quite tough to prepare him because we had to change a lot of things, his lifestyle, his routines. You can eat just vegetables or pastries and 'OK, it's good' but you need to have a great balance between these kinds of foods with some carbohydrates or with some proteins.

The next challenge for Girmay was the surfaces in Europe, something he would eventually overcome when wining the 78th edition of the Gent-Wevelgem one-day classic on the famous cobbled streets of Belgium.

He didn't like the cobblestones,

said Henry.

He always told us: 'I don't like that. I don't want to race on cobblestones.' Now he can win those races in the world tour.

Now he has changed his mind. he enjoyed it. To win these kinds of races, you have to enjoy those cobblestone sections.

Girmay claimed the second stage of June's Tour de Suisse - this after recovering from a horror crash at the Tour of Flanders which wiped out most of the peloton.

Henry still keeps a close eye on his protege, who he says is a

special rider and sprinter

but is

not a pure climber, he will not be so efficient in big mountains.

Beyond the rider, however, Henry believes Girmay's impact on the sport is only just at the start line.

After his career he can be someone who can help to develop cycling in Africa and in Eritrea, and give his experience.

He can turn into a symbol, as African athletes can succeed in Europe and in the best races in the world.

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(BBC podcast): Biniam Girmay: Africa’s new cycling hero
https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0fxg0kj

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- In July 1871, the viceroy of Egypt appointed the Swiss Munzinger as governor of Massawa, in Eritrea and, in 1872, promoted him to pasha with the title governor general of the Red Sea and Eastern Sudan.

- In June 1872, Munzinger added Keren to his domain, which included some two million people between the Red Sea and the Nile River. Under his administration, there was an improvement in taxation collection and agricultural agricultural production and an increase in exports.


- Munzinger was among the first to report on the Tigré language, was among the first to report on the Bilén people (or ‘Bogos’ as they were usually called in that period), peasants and semi-pastoralists living in the adjacent highlands.

- In 1854 Muzinger married the young widow Naffa, a Christian Bilén and he became a member of the local community. His reports on Bilén law and stories linked with it, are based on very personal experience. As an outsider, without clan alliances, feuds or pressing obligations, he was a strong candidate to act as a mediator and became a judge among the Bilén.

- In 1864 Munzinger became the acting British Vice-Consul in Massawa, and only shortly thereafter, in 1865, got hired as the Vice-Consul of France, too. He took residence in the French consulate in Massawa.

- In 1873, he presented his province and its products at the International Exhibition (today’s Expo) in Vienna. By then, Keren had developed from an endangered border town into the second seat of the governor of a huge, newly created modernizing province.

- In the night of 15 November 1875, Munzinger’s whole party, including his wife Naffa, was killed near Lake Udumma.

Source: Wolbert G.C. Smidt & other sources