Zmeselo
first u must understand the story behind Ivory poaching it is driven by poverty and culture... the poacher mostly African who are zero income so they will be force to poach.. if u want them to stop them u must pay them opportunity cost ... while one elephant tusk worth 250,000 dollar in Chinese market how much would the poor poacher make in Africa almost zero ... guess what 20,000 elephant died ... the poor African sentenced to live in poverty while their elephant worth 250,000 dollars.
as i said tusk is a blessing and curse it only depend on how u use it.. for example when the tusk caught smuggled out of Africa those tusk must be processed and their finished product must be sold in Chinese market now imagine this sale bringing billion of dollar and u invest them money to protect your elephant ... now u will have a reason to protect them and u will have money to do the job .. and the poacher also will switch to other employment and they will not kill for mare 100 dollar or 10 dollar ....
but the idiot African leader when they find black market tusk they burn it ... this means u fueling the demand ... the area were those elephant live... the local have to make money per number of life elephant .. for example if there is 120,000 elephant they locality get 1000 dollar per elephant .. a life elephant will be source of income for the community now if the number reduced their budget also reduced ... in this calculation the locality will get 120 million dollar budget per year just for having elephant .. trust me no body will get away killing elephant ..
yes now the government will say they dont have money this and that .. then see your elephant extinct....
this method will work for all type of wild animal. for example in Ethiopia we have ጅላዳ ዝንጅሮ and other endemic wild life but the people try to enter the park to build houses and use the land for farming .. now if the government of Ethiopia said we will pay u 1000 birr per ጅላዳ ዝንጅሮ... and if this budget worth 100 million birr do u think the local destroy the park ... of course the governmet will say they dont have money and they will not invest but they still make money from truism but never share the truism money with locality and want the locality to keep their money making ጅላዳ ዝንጅሮ while the government eating the cake..
Re: Every Ivory poaching mass- murderer, should watch this.
I was actually thinking of the "Middlemen" when I wrote that, not poor africans.
I did the first long-term study investigating illegal ivory traders. Here’s what I learned.
A Zimbabwe National Parks official holds an elephant tusk during a tour of the country’s ivory stockpile at the Zimbabwe National Parks headquarters in Harare on June 2, 2016. (Tsvangirayi Mukwazhi/AP)
By Kristof Titeca
https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/mon ... i-learned/
April 18, 2018
As if Mark Zuckerberg didn’t have enough to worry about, Facebook is being accused of harboring yet another illicit activity: making it easy for international wildlife traffickers to sell https://apnews.com/298a1c37738842dd845f ... n-Facebook elephant ivory, rhino horn and tiger teeth, reports the Associated Press. Since 2010, researchers say, the illicit ivory trade has been at record high levels. https://cites.org/sites/default/files/e ... R1-Add.pdf Although the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) reports that elephant poaching https://cites.org/eng/news/pr/African_e ... h_24102017 in Africa has declined each year since it peaked in 2011, the number of animals killed for ivory each year remains higher than a decade ago.
But who exactly are these traffickers?
Reporters and researchers alike usually blame this trade on “international crime syndicates” https://eia-international.org/wp-conten ... o-res1.pdf or “multinational criminal gangs.” https://news.mongabay.com/2017/10/attac ... commentary Such statements are drawn from confiscation data. https://www.cites.org/eng/prog/etis/index.php When shipments are seized, they often find more than 220 pounds of illegal ivory https://cites.org/sites/default/files/e ... R1-Add.pdf at a time. For example, in 2009, 2010 and 2011 respectively, eight, nine and 17 shipments of more than 1,760 pounds https://www.cites.org/sites/default/fil ... e_dust.pdf of ivory were seized, totaling almost 61 tons of ivory in three years. Those who analyze these data almost universally conclude that such enormous shipments constitute the dominant pattern, revealing
But is that the whole story? Until now, no one has undertaken in-depth research among illegal ivory traders themselves. My recently published research in the British Journal of Criminology https://academic.oup.com/bjc/advance-ar ... m=fulltext aimed to fill this gap.the involvement of international criminal syndicates https://www.cites.org/sites/default/fil ... e_dust.pdf in the trade operating through sophisticated networks that link Africa with Asia.
How I did my research
Since 2004, https://www.researchgate.net/publicatio ... politiques' I have been doing long-term research on all forms of illegal trade https://www.researchgate.net/publicatio ... hern_Sudan in the border region of Uganda and Congo, through which I’ve come to know a wide group of traders. https://www.researchgate.net/publicatio ... ern_Uganda Over time, they have come to view me as trustworthy and reliable — and introduced me to others. Because of this relationship, between 2012 and 2017 I followed the activities of a range of illegal ivory traders in Uganda, a nation known as a transit country for ivory. CITES calls Uganda a country of “primary concern” https://conservationaction.co.za/resour ... ion-plans/ in the illicit ivory trade: It is listed as one of the 10 countries worldwide
https://cites.org/sites/default/files/e ... -06-R1.pdflinked to the greatest illegal ivory trade flows since 2012.
Ivory poaching is decentralized and diffuse
I came away from this research with three main conclusions.
First, the illegal ivory trade isn’t organized by a transnational crime syndicate or international gang. Rather, local traders buy and sell from and to a variety of sources, depending on what opportunities arise. Particular locations — such as border towns — act as key nodes, destinations and transit hubs where ivory is smuggled, stored and resold. Traders and middlemen keep it in storage until conditions are right for shipment and sale, watching factors including market price, demand and the general security situation.
Second, the transnational trade does not oversee and guide ivory poaching. Rather, international ivory traders largely depend on local black-market traders. These local ivory deals are part of, and rely on, historically embedded trading networks to buy, move and store not just ivory but also other illegal commodities such as minerals, and smuggled gasoline or cigarettes. Local traders therefore connect the poachers with the transnational middlemen, selling the ivory to international dealers from a range of nations, including China, Turkey and South Africa.
Third, these local traders have different degrees of power, drawn from their connections with individual government officials. Some traders have long-standing relationships with lower-level government officials such as customs officials and police officers. These traders limit their activities to “their” region. This is the case for most traders in the Uganda-Congo border, who largely limit their activities to buying, smuggling and selling ivory along the border.
Other traders have more powerful connections with rogue high-level security officials. This allows them to trade ivory over longer distances, including moving it through more sensitive border points or airports. Thus they can sell more ivory at higher prices, and operate even when the climate is more hostile, as when confiscations increase.
The international market doesn’t control the local traders
Chinese buyers and Facebook pages may be important for the illegal ivory trade; without a market, there would be no reason for the supply and trade. But transnational crime relies on local actors. Local actors are the ones who supply the illegal ivory, and are in turn dependent on international actors to sell it. For this, local traders have various degrees of power and autonomy. For those attempting to curb this crime, it’s essential to understand that local traders are not a unitary group. Understanding and responding to the illegal ivory trade must take their motivations and actions seriously.
Kristof Titeca https://www.uantwerpen.be/en/staff/kristof-titeca/ (@kristoftiteca) is a lecturer at the Institute of Development Policy at the University of Antwerp.
Re: Every Ivory poaching mass- murderer, should watch this.
Ethoash,
Good you hit Z's hypocrisy here. The government he vouches for "poaches" humans daily for god sake!
Natural resource wealth can be either a “curse” or a “blessing”.
Eritrea is a good example.
Eritrea with 1200 KM coastline and hundreds of islands is still poor; their stupid secession by cutting off the sea port made Ethiopia poorer.
[[.. There are several factors behind the relationship between natural resources and armed conflicts. Resource wealth may increase the vulnerability of countries to conflicts by undermining the quality of governance and economic performance (the "resource curse" argument). Secondly, conflicts can occur over the control and exploitation of resources and the allocation of their revenues (the "resource war" argument). Thirdly, access to resource revenues by belligerents can prolong conflicts (the "conflict resource" argument). A 2018 study in the Journal of Conflict Resolution found that rebels were particularly likely to be able to prolong their participation in civil wars when they had access to natural resources that they could smuggle..]]
Re: Every Ivory poaching mass- murderer, should watch this.
STFU you ጋዕጋዕ ዓጋመ! No matter how hard you cry and sob, Eritrea is an independent and sovereign nation whose territorial integrity SHALL remain supreme. As to your jealousy infested Jambo mambo, Eritrea is neither poor nor helpless as you stupidly alluded ቆርባዕ ወዲ ማይ ጠላሚት።